
Discover why loneliness emerged around 1800 in this groundbreaking history. Terry Eagleton calls it "compassionate" and "radical" - the first comprehensive English study linking modern isolation to individualism. What health epidemic costs us more than obesity?
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Loneliness has become our silent killer. When the UK appointed a Minister for Loneliness in 2018, it acknowledged what many had suspected: we're facing a public health crisis affecting an estimated 40% of Americans, with particularly high rates among young adults. But what if this painful emotional state isn't the timeless human condition we assume it to be? Cultural historian Fay Bound Alberti offers a revolutionary perspective: loneliness as we know it emerged around 1800, coinciding with profound social transformations. Before 1800, the word "loneliness" rarely appeared in English texts, and when it did, it simply meant "oneliness"-the physical state of being alone without psychological weight. Consider Robinson Crusoe, published in 1719. Despite depicting a man stranded on an island for 28 years, the novel never once mentions loneliness-a concept incomprehensible to modern readers who immediately relate to Tom Hanks creating "Wilson" in Castaway to preserve his sanity. This absence wasn't an oversight but reflected a fundamentally different understanding of solitude. The transformation coincided with industrialization disrupting traditional communities, the decline of religious frameworks where God provided constant companionship, and the rise of individualism creating new expectations for personal fulfillment. By the Victorian era, novels became filled with lonely characters seeking psychological growth while facing hostile worlds. What we now consider a universal human experience was actually born from specific historical forces that continue to shape our emotional lives today.
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